Harris, S. M. (1995). Psychosocial Development and Black Male Masculinity: Implications for Counseling Economically Disadvantaged African American Male Adolescents. Journal Of Counseling & Development, 73(3), 279-287.

Developmental and sex-role factors and their importance for counseling African-American male adolescents are examined. The extent and nature of problems experienced by African-American male adolescents suggest the need for creative counseling interventions and expanded counselor roles. Researchers might consider applying the findings from studies on counseling African-Americans to counseling interventions with African-American male adolescents. In addition, creative techniques for each stage of psychological development could be designed to increase the likelihood that these adolescents will voluntarily initiate and engage in therapeutic work. An examination of specific counseling interventions, counselor behaviors, and the relationships among stereotypical behavioral, cognitive, and affective dimensions of masculinity would promote knowledge in the area of counseling effectiveness for African-American male adolescents.

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http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1995.tb01749.x/full