Morgan, J. (1995). Black males on campus. Black Issues in Higher Education, 12(14), 14-14. Responsible educators are concerned at the underrepresentation of black males on college campuses. Although colleges and universities aggressively recruit collegiate sports stars, only a minuscule number of them implement early intervention programs to induce African-American males… read more
Higher Education (HE)
The Black Student Athlete: The Colonized Black Body
Hawkins, B. (1995). The black student athlete: The colonized black body. Journal of African American Men, 1(3), 23-35. This article views the black student athlete as colonized Black Body. It uses an internal colonial model to place the experiences black student athletes encounter at predominantly white National Collegiate Athletic Association… read more
Black student athletes at predominantly white National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I institutions and the pattern of oscillating migrant laborers
Hawkins, B. (1999). Black student athletes at predominantly white national collegiate athletic association (NCAA) division I institutions and the pattern of oscillating migrant laborers. Western Journal of Black Studies, 23(1), 1. This study looks at the similarities that exist between Black student athletes and oscillating migrant laborers. The similarities they… read more
The impact of baseball participation on the educational experiences of black student-athletes at historically black colleges and universities
Cooper, J. N., Gawrysiak, E. J., & Hawkins, B. (2015;2013;). The impact of baseball participation on the educational experiences of black student-athletes at historically black colleges and universities. Race Ethnicity and Education, 18(5), 696-27. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of baseball participation on the educational… read more