Hodge, S. R., Harrison, L., Burden, J. W., & Dixson, A. D. (2008). Brown in black and white-then and now: A question of educating or sporting african american males in america.American Behavioral Scientist, 51(7), 928-952.

The U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in the Brown v. Board of Education case was used as a point of reference to elaborate on the often divergent realities in education and sport for Black and White Americans. The impetus to integrate sport and the movement to integrate educational institutions in America were two separate yet often paralleled phenomena. It is typically argued that efforts to integrate educational institutions were about ensuring equitable access and opportunity. Less so, due to moral principles, integration in sports was more about winning and generating revenue. Still today, race-related divergences are reflected in education and sport. The intent of this article is to reflect on America’s education and sport histories (then) and highlight some present-day realities (now) as associated with the social construct of race, particularly for Black male students and athletes.

Full article can be found here:

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0002764207311998